# Debian OS installation for Medulla server

##### Technical Specifications

<div id="bkmrk-pr%C3%A9-requis-%E2%80%93-dimensi" style="text-align:center;"><table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width:643px;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="3" style="width:417.3pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;background:#99CC66;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;">**<span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:FreeSans;color:#ffffff;">Prerequisites – Server Sizing</span>**

</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="6" style="width:81.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid #999999 1pt;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:none;background:#99CC66;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;">**<span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:FreeSans;color:#ffffff;">Main Server </span>**

</td><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">OS</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Debian 12.x</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Architecture</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">x86-64</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">CPU</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">8 cores</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">RAM</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">8 GB</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Partition /</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">20 GB in EXT4</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">/var partition</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">400 GB minimum in XFS or mount point on a storage array</span>

</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="6" style="width:81.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid #999999 1pt;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:none;background:#99CC66;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;">**<span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:FreeSans;color:#ffffff;">Multi-site relay servers</span>**

**<span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:FreeSans;color:#808080;">(if applicable)</span>**

</td><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">OS</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Debian 12.x</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Architecture</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">x86-64</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">CPU</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">4 cores</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">RAM</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">8 GB</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">Partition /</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">20 GB in EXT4</span>

</td></tr><tr><td style="width:155.4pt;border:solid #999999 1pt;border-top:none;padding:2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt 2.75pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">/var partition</span>

</td><td style="width:179.95pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1pt;border-right:solid #999999 1pt;padding:0cm 0.5pt 0cm 0.5pt;"><span style="font-family:'Liberation Serif', serif;">At least 400 GB in XFS or mount point on a storage array</span>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div>##### Debian Server Installation

Summary:

\- <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Separate </span>only /var from / and place them in LVM

\- <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Install </span>the SSH server and standard system utilities

\- <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Do not </span>install antivirus software or a firewall

\- <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Set </span>up an account that

<span style="font-family:'Courier New';">o <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> can </span></span>switch to sudo without a password

<span style="font-family:'Courier New';">o <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> can </span></span>log in from the IP address **94.130.207.190**

<span style="font-family:'Courier New';">o <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> can </span></span>log in with the following key:

ssh-rsa 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 support@support

##### Disk Partitioning Configuration

Partition the disks according to the instructions below:

Perform manual partitioning

![RXi6qfZ9PswkCuWM-embedded-image-k3kebzpb.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/RXi6qfZ9PswkCuWM-embedded-image-k3kebzpb.png)

![8te0UWcUdspzZBMb-embedded-image-ympc4spb.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/8te0UWcUdspzZBMb-embedded-image-ympc4spb.png)

![VmC09oQIVFslMAOG-embedded-image-qvsjgdgq.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/VmC09oQIVFslMAOG-embedded-image-qvsjgdgq.png)

Creating the /boot partition

![IwEnXmeZzAnsDTC7-embedded-image-w4xke79q.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/IwEnXmeZzAnsDTC7-embedded-image-w4xke79q.png)

![TV5wT18WD9OYAcqi-embedded-image-dwbr5kuq.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/TV5wT18WD9OYAcqi-embedded-image-dwbr5kuq.png)

![0qRqYiNJCdllwSJ9-embedded-image-qgdzniyl.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/0qRqYiNJCdllwSJ9-embedded-image-qgdzniyl.png)

![KINj9qRDPfRiYZqh-embedded-image-lxe8vm2c.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/KINj9qRDPfRiYZqh-embedded-image-lxe8vm2c.png)

![QTGvfLswyCwFcQx5-embedded-image-ogg9lntv.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/QTGvfLswyCwFcQx5-embedded-image-ogg9lntv.png)

**![gTD9G2rs5dtUG0r5-embedded-image-kwrl6wtl.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/gTD9G2rs5dtUG0r5-embedded-image-kwrl6wtl.png)**

Creating the LVM

![Hdz8G7I7yGDXCNMs-embedded-image-rmqzlrgh.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/Hdz8G7I7yGDXCNMs-embedded-image-rmqzlrgh.png)

![yMZHBmMiH2vXFpfy-embedded-image-5sakjhab.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/yMZHBmMiH2vXFpfy-embedded-image-5sakjhab.png)

![ZLmjvxT9xxd4XlQB-embedded-image-ah2je5fw.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/ZLmjvxT9xxd4XlQB-embedded-image-ah2je5fw.png)

![efACs6NK7Gbp3yNK-embedded-image-iksbohcj.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/efACs6NK7Gbp3yNK-embedded-image-iksbohcj.png)

![navXOvvK11MzaJFx-embedded-image-dt6vkkmg.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/navXOvvK11MzaJFx-embedded-image-dt6vkkmg.png)

![xujPjspeZkZypAVT-embedded-image-fzhrvved.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/xujPjspeZkZypAVT-embedded-image-fzhrvved.png)

![UAzAjpCcJyNLYOmb-embedded-image-sbnedsji.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/UAzAjpCcJyNLYOmb-embedded-image-sbnedsji.png)

Creating the vg volume group

![DYQK1prhJbIJVCL2-embedded-image-dpriouo9.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/DYQK1prhJbIJVCL2-embedded-image-dpriouo9.png)

![FrJtSW6vic2PpAbj-embedded-image-ratkesnt.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/FrJtSW6vic2PpAbj-embedded-image-ratkesnt.png)

![qeCGGIlWZ2t77JeH-embedded-image-guaasj24.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/qeCGGIlWZ2t77JeH-embedded-image-guaasj24.png)

Create the logical volume lvroot

![oNaJ3t4UQqkEJ7Ez-embedded-image-hu8ybn2n.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/oNaJ3t4UQqkEJ7Ez-embedded-image-hu8ybn2n.png)

![cYmQl6BuhZPZp7fF-embedded-image-wo63hn3s.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/cYmQl6BuhZPZp7fF-embedded-image-wo63hn3s.png)

![peBSVAHNJOnmb1II-embedded-image-cchq1b6n.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/peBSVAHNJOnmb1II-embedded-image-cchq1b6n.png)

![vROib7ewmIUJYcuA-embedded-image-glmzrnrc.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/vROib7ewmIUJYcuA-embedded-image-glmzrnrc.png)

Repeat for the lvswap and lvvar volumes

![DquKSa2Mtlq0gG5R-embedded-image-snhvcaj6.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/DquKSa2Mtlq0gG5R-embedded-image-snhvcaj6.png)

![KZcKrmFHAJpUMTLP-embedded-image-ntgqhdgq.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/KZcKrmFHAJpUMTLP-embedded-image-ntgqhdgq.png)

![uYVhoMDThRZGqQR6-embedded-image-jkza0twt.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/uYVhoMDThRZGqQR6-embedded-image-jkza0twt.png)

![AEJKbB4FLVGOYwZK-embedded-image-93rhaz1w.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/AEJKbB4FLVGOYwZK-embedded-image-93rhaz1w.png)

To obtain the following LVM layout:

![wiN6RiAoqlWTTpO7-embedded-image-tjy0unp9.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/wiN6RiAoqlWTTpO7-embedded-image-tjy0unp9.png)

![IyN684C1YqNlTixG-embedded-image-tlhdjfw0.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/IyN684C1YqNlTixG-embedded-image-tlhdjfw0.png)

Configure the / partition

![5KxhfcV0spUh97la-embedded-image-rjjlj3ry.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/5KxhfcV0spUh97la-embedded-image-rjjlj3ry.png)

![z4trMBsNo0krFnQQ-embedded-image-zmal04r3.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/z4trMBsNo0krFnQQ-embedded-image-zmal04r3.png)

Repeat for each of the swap and /var partitions:

![X6XNDXKhchm0A1Nx-embedded-image-ubsfnaop.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/X6XNDXKhchm0A1Nx-embedded-image-ubsfnaop.png)

![BkApQxifsvygZxQL-embedded-image-3hqodqtd.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/BkApQxifsvygZxQL-embedded-image-3hqodqtd.png)

To obtain the following partitioning scheme:

![E0KfH5OcMAkGBumZ-embedded-image-ugnmmpfl.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/E0KfH5OcMAkGBumZ-embedded-image-ugnmmpfl.png)

##### Installing packages

![ZdgL7U9FlIpckFMo-embedded-image-4c0bkbzl.png](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/ZdgL7U9FlIpckFMo-embedded-image-4c0bkbzl.png)

<span lang="en-us"> </span>

<span lang="en-us"> </span>

##### <span lang="en-us">Server verification</span>

1\. <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Download </span>the verification script from [https://dl.medulla-tech.io/nc/check\_server\_before\_install.sh](https://dl.medulla-tech.io/nc/check_server_before_install.sh)

```
wget https://dl.medulla-tech.io/nc/check_server_before_install.sh
```

2\. <span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> Run </span>the following commands:

```
chmod +x check_server_before_install.sh

./check_server_before_install.sh
```

3.<span style="font:7pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span>

All script tests must pass. Once completed, you can request the installation script via the contact form:

[https://github.com/medulla-tech/medulla/blob/master/README.fr.md](https://github.com/medulla-tech/medulla/blob/master/README.fr.md)

If you have a support contract, please send the results to delivery@medulla-tech.io. If not, please contact the "Sales" department via our website[medulla-tech.io](https://docs.medulla-tech.io/medulla-tech.io).

Here are the most common errors:

##### 1. Core Dump Limits

**Context:** The file `/etc/security/limits.d/10-coredump-debian.conf` defines the maximum size of "core dump" files. Our script expects specific values that do not match the current configuration.

**How to fix:** Edit the file mentioned to match the requirements.

1. Open the file: `sudo nano /etc/security/limits.d/10-coredump-debian.conf`
2. Adjust the lines so they look like this:
    
    
    - `* hard core infinity`
    - `root hard core infinity`
    - `* soft core 0`
    - `root soft core 0`

**Suggested sources:** Debian documentation on `limits.conf` and `core dump`.

---

##### 2. Number of open files (lsof)

**Context:** The `lsof` lines for users <span style="text-decoration:underline;">xxx</span> and `messagebus` indicate that the number of currently open files deviates from the value expected by the verification script (often because services are already running or are misconfigured).

**How to fix:** This is often informative, but if you need to reduce these numbers:

- Identify what these users are doing: `ps -u user_id_in_error`.
- Restart the associated services (e.g., `sudo systemctl restart dbus` for messagebus).
- If the expected values are too strict for your use case, you may need to adjust the validation script itself or the global `ulimit` settings.

**Suggested sources:** `lsof` manual and file descriptor management in Linux.

---

##### 3. systemd settings (NPROC and SIGPENDING)

**Context:** The `DefaultLimitNPROC` (maximum number of processes) and `DefaultLimitSIGPENDING` (pending signals) values must be**31541**.

**How to fix:** You must force these values in the global systemd configuration so that they match the expected values exactly.

1. Edit the configuration file: `sudo nano /etc/systemd/system.conf`
2. Uncomment or add the following lines:
    
    
    - `DefaultLimitNPROC=31541`
    - `DefaultLimitSIGPENDING=31541`
3. Reload the configuration and reboot (or use `systemctl daemon-reexec`).

**Suggested sources:** `systemd-system.conf` documentation on freedesktop.org.